Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class
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Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 6. Which challenges are being faced by the Sugar industry in India? What are the major problems of cotton industry?
What are the human factors effecting the location of an industry? Why is iron and steel industry called a heavy industry? Which challenges are being faced by the Jute industry of India? What are Cooperative sector industries? What are the methods to make Indian industries up to the International standards? Why Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class most of the jute mills are mainly located in West Bengal? One Mark Questions with Answers 1. Answers of 1 Mark Questions 1. Manufacturing is the process in which goods are produced after processing the various raw materials.
The raw materials themselves may be manufactured products. Name any three physical factors for the location of the industry. Name any three human factors for the location of an industry.
What are basic industries? Give an example. Basic industries are those which supply their raw materials to industries which manufacture other goods. An example is the iron and steel industry which supplies steel to the automobile industry. Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement? The important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement are: limestone, silica, alumina and gypsum.
Apart from these, coal, electric power and rail transportation are also needed. How Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to a rise in the production capacity? Integrated steel plants are different from Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class mini steel plants in many aspects. An integrated steel plant is large and handles everything in Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class one complex�from integrating raw materials to steel making, rolling and shaping. On the other hand, a mini steel plant is smaller, has electric furnaces, uses steel scrap and sponge iron, and has re-rollers that use steel ingots as well.
It produces mild and alloy steel of given specifications. The problems faced by this industry are: a high production costs and limited availability of coking coal; b lower productivity of labour; c irregular supply of energy; and d poor infrastructure.
Recent developments that have led to a rise in the production capacity of this industry are liberalisation and Foreign Direct Investment, with help from private entrepreneurs. How do industries pollute the environment?
Industrial pollution of the environment is of four types: air, water, land and noise. Air pollution is caused by smoke released by chemical and paper factories, brick kilns, refineries and smelting plants, and burning of fossil fuels in factories ignoring pollution norms.
Water pollution is caused by the discharging of organic Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents into rivers. This form of pollution is caused by paper, Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class pulp, chemical, textile, dyeing, petroleum refineries, tanneries and electroplating industries.
The major solid wastes released into rivers in India are fly ash, phospo � gypsum, and iron and steel slags. Thermal pollution Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class of water is another form of water pollution, caused by the emission of hot water from Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class factories and thermal plants into rivers and ponds. Dumping of solid wastes renders the soil infertile and Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class useless too.
Lastly, noise pollution results from industrial and construction activities, machinery, generators, and saws, pneumatic Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class and electric drills. Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry? The steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry are as follows: a To control Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class water pollution, industrial effluents need to be treated on all three levels primary, secondary and tertiary ; Class Ncert 10th Class Geography 6 Chapter the use of water for processing should be minimised via reuse and recycling; rainwater can be harvested to meet water requirements, and ground water usage should be regulated by law.
Also, smoke can Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class be reduced by using oil or gas instead of coal. Factors which affect the location of Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class an industry Raw material. Cheap and abundant availability of raw material. Availability of cheap labor is necessary for low cost of production low. Cheap and continuous supply of power is extremely necessary. It Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class is necessary for developing infrastructure, for the entire manufacturing process and for meeting manufacturing expenditure. Banking 6 Ncert 10th Geography Class Chapter Class and insurance facilities, favorable government policies.
Five basis on which industries are classified. On the basis Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class of source of raw materials used � Agro-based and mineral-based. According to their main role � Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class Basic and Consumer industries. On the basis of capital investment � Small-scale and large-scale industries. Based on the bulk and weight of raw material and finished goods � Heavy industries, Light If Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class the investment is more than one crore rupees in any industry, it is considered as a Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class large scale industry.
If the investment is less than one crore rupees, it is considered as a small scale industry. Four types of industries based on ownership are: Public Sector industries: Owned and operated by government agencies, e. Private Sector industries are owned and operated by an individual or a group of individuals, e.
Joint Sector industries are jointly run by the Public government and Private Sector individuals , e. Cooperative Sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class of raw materials, workers, or both.
They pool in the resources and share the profits or losses proportionately, e. Moist climate in these coastal States also helped in the development of cotton textile Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class industry because humid conditions are required for weaving the cloth, else the yam breaks. Well developed transportation system and accessible port facilities in Maharashtra and Gujarat.
Proximity to the market as cotton clothes are ideal to wear in these warm and humid States. Factors responsible for the concentration of jute industry on the banks of Hoogly: Proximity of the jute producing areas to the Hoogly Basin. Inexpensive water transport provided by the Hoogly river. It is well connected by a good Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class network of railways, waterways and roadways. Abundant water for processing raw jute. Kolkata as a port Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class and large urban centre, provides banking, insurance and port facilities.
Reasons for location of sugar mills Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class close to the fields: The raw material used, sugarcane is bulky and perishable. It cannot be Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class transported to long distances because its sucrose content dries up fast, so it should be processed within Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class 24 hours of its harvest.
Iron and steel industry: It is a basic or key and heavy industry. Iron and steel industries is concentrated in and around Chhotanagpur Plateau Region because Low Class 6 Chapter 10th Geography Ncert Class cost of iron-ore which is mined here; High grade raw materials in close proximity; Availability of Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class cheap labour; Vast growth potential in the home market; Efficient transport network for their distribution; Availability Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class of power because this region has many thermal and hydel power plants; Liberalisation and FDI.
Industrial pollution and its types: Air pollution. Smoke is emitted by chemical and paper factories, brick kilns, refineries and smelting plants, and burning of fossil fuels in factories that ignore pollution norms.
Air-borne particulate materials contain both solid and liquid particles like dust, sprays, mist and smoke. Water pollution. Major water pollutants are dyes, detergents, acids and salts. Heavy metals like lead and mercury, pesticides and fertilizers and synthetic chemicals with carbon, plastics and rubber, etc.
Noise pollution. The generators, compressors, machines, furnaces, looms, exhaust fans, etc. Noise can raise blood pressure and can have physiological effects as well. Land pollution. Land and water pollution are closely related. Dumping of industrial wastes especially glass, harmful chemicals, industrial effluents, packing, salts and garbage into the soil.
Thermal pollution. Wastes from nuclear power plants, nuclear and weapon production facilities cause cancer and birth defects. Measures to control air pollution: Particulate matter in the air can be reduced by fitting smoke stacks to factories with fabric Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class filters, electrostatic precipitators etc. Smoke can be reduced by using oil or gas instead of coal in factories.
Water pollution caused by industries can be controlled by: Minimizing the use of water for Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class 10th Chapter Class 6 Ncert Class Geography processing by reusing and recycling. Harvesting of rain-water to meet water requirements of industries and other Ncert Class 10th Geography Chapter 6 Class domestic purposes. Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds in the following ways: Primary treatment by mechanical means such as screening, grinding, flocculation and sedimentation.
Secondary treatment by biological process. Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical and physical processes. This involves recycling of waste water.
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